Jeep Grand Cherokee Essay Example for Free

Jeep Grand Cherokee EssayJeep Grand Cherokee is an Ameri git car. This kind of cars is survivors favorite things in VALS types. Survivors live narrowly focused lives. They argon accustomed to use their long-familiar things, cant accept new things quickly. Therefore Jeep brand which has more than 70 years history and born for war can satisfy the sense of survivors security. At the same time, survivors are cautious customers. Just in time, the design philosophy of Jeep-safety, comfortable, power, meet their requirements. Jeep brand is their best choice. The expense of brand new Jeep Grand Cherokee starts from 39,895 dollars, this price level is medium-high.Its expensive, but the price is non higher than Mercedes-Benz SUVs and BMW X5. For this footing Jeep Grand Cherokee is not a rich status symbol. However Jeep Grand Cherokee absolutely present a kind of personal character, its a symbol of recalcitrant man. SUVs are trendy because of better vision, more capacious space. On t his basis, Jeep Grand Cherokee obtain better fuel economy by using new V6 engine. increase back space make it more suitable for family, through the change of interior atmosphere let Jeep Grand Cherokee has become home up. exempt powerful cross-country performance and improve highway playability let it drive up full of fun. Grand Cherokee try to attract more people to cull as family car. Hence, if you want to have fun with family in weekend, you cant miss this car.Jeep Grand Cherokee is not offbeat no matter on stop number or safety, but it can find balance in both. Jeep Grand Cherokee is a domestic car. Its more appropriate survivors who like familiar brand and proud of owning American car even products.2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee use headline for Youll need to find a different excuse for being late to work. This headline really attract office worker. This press Jeep Grand Cherokee is comfortable and has fun to drive. Comfortable is the other most important reason for choose America n car. Grand Cherokee shows this characteristics of the incisively and vividly. The seat not only soft and comfortable, and let any shape people drive this big car can find the most suitable for their own driving posture. Jeep own a pure cross-country blood, this SUV retains its essence and enhance the characteristics of adapting road.This advertizement didnt use celebrity charm and use model. Its just apicture about Grand Cherokee run in snow. This picture foil masculine, at the same time correspond subtitle When you enhance the legendary Jeep brand capability with a Selec-Terrain system, snow doesnt stand a chance. This advertising posted on Reader magazines whose readers have own-opinion.Overall this advertising conveys adventure emotional approach and express its comfortable and has fun with driving. Its striking and attractive advertising.

Book Report - Fault in Our Stars Essay Example for Free

Book Report Fault in Our Stars EssayMeaning of the titleThe fault, dear Brutus is not in our stars, / But in ourselves, that we are underlings. was said in Shakespeares play Julius Caesar. Saying that it is not fate that decides our future, but instead our own failings. That you are to blame for the mischievousness thing that happen in your life. But the title The Fault in our Stars says that sometimes its not our fault things happen in life, sometimes we cant control it there will be problems along the way, and we just have to deal with it. Brief summaryHazel, an average teenager who thinks she is going to die. She was diagnosed with cancer when she was young, and has stretch out with her lungs. She then met a boy called Augustus in the Support Group. Augustus only had one leg because he had had osteosarcoma (A type of bone cancer). Hazel also make another friend called Issac who eventually went blind. Augustus and her shared common interests like the book calledAn Imperial A ffliction. They went on adventures to Amsterdam to visit an author that Hazel idolizes. On their trip, they had some physical relations. However meeting the author wasnt exactly what Hazel and Augustus had expected. Later on Issac dies, then Augustuss cancer later returns flair of WritingThe falsehood is write in Hazels point of view who is the narrator of the story. The writing in this book is easy to follow because its written in a conversational way. As if the reader was the protagonist. The book uses a lot of fascinating sentences and phrases to express the livelinessings and thoughts of Hazel Grace. The author likes using dialogues to tell the story. toneThe characters are quite believable because they are like any type of average teenager. However they have to deal with a small problem in their health affecting a big part of their life. The characters are very realistically portrayed and I think the author did a great trading in describing the different characters.PlotThe plot is quite believable as it is not fiction. As readers, we can sometimes relate to the situations or even feel what the characters are feeling throughout the book. There are a lot of plot twists in the novel, so the reader would not know what is about to happen. This gives the story line more suspense and builds tension throughout the scenario.RecommendationI would recommend this book to young adults, because there is an incredible plot twist in the book which mesmerizes the reader and gives them grief. Making them want to be the protagonist of the story. The characters are about our age, and sometimes us teenagers or young adults can connect to what the characters in the book are going through. This book has a powerful story line which emphasize the life of how two teenagers are fighting cancer, which has inspired and interrupt the teens heart.

Context Aware Academic Planner Design

Context aw argon(p) Academic Planner DesignDesigning a Context Aware Academic PlannerAl Khan bin Abdul GaniAbstractAcademic calendar planner is an application whereby apprize give tremendous advantages to students, particularly university students and donnish personnel office. By using the pedantic calendar planner, student and academic personnel back tooth sell their academic schedule anytime anywhere. Academic calendar planner let substance abuser to edit and compensate their calendar activity up to date. Rather than that, user fire hasten the fundamental interaction between other user which is interaction between lecturers and students. One ability that female genitaliat be find in other academic calendar planner is the ability to change the beguile from monthly, weekly and daily rump and per semester based on user preference. And for that, academic calendar planner allow user to create group and which each user has ability to see the schedule of other user.Keywords Academic Planner, social applicationIntroductionThe aim of this report is to determine the context aware to be considered to get around academic planner by do belles-lettres review on previous paper and conducting a survey of students and lecturers to acquire the response regarding the academic planner. This paper focuses on proposed academic planner for UiTM. Academic calendar planner is an application whereby can give tremendous advantages to students, particularly university students and academic personnel. By using the academic calendar planner, student and academic personnel can manage their academic schedule anytime anywhere. Academic calendar planner let user to edit and amend their calendar activity up to date. Rather than that, user can have the interaction between other user which is interaction between lecturers and students. One ability that cant be find in other academic calendar planner is the ability to change the view from monthly, weekly and daily basis and per semester based on user preference. And for that, academic calendar planner allow user to create group and which each user has ability to see the schedule of other user.BackgroundThis application develop for those student, lecturer and academic personnel whore looking for featured application to manage their academic calendar. Current strategy in Universtity for an example UiTM only volunteer non-dynamic academic application to Student and Lecturer. Basically they totally rely on academic calendar to help them manage their academic schedules. But the problem with the existing academic calendar is, the calendar are limited to certain activities such asOnly academic personnel has right to add new academic plan, university events, public holidays etc.Lecturer and student can only view the calendar. They dont have the potential to do the updates or change any of the calendar information.Sometimes Lecturer wants to cancel and do the class replacement. Because of limited functionality o f the current academic calendar, this leads to unreliable calendar information.In certain circumstances, student need to meet their lecturer, unfortunately lecturer is non are not around. This is due to unreliable calendar information close to the availability status.METHODOLOGYThis research is to determine key subject areas for a specification requirement to be considered for designing a context aware Academic. Two approaches have been utilise to find the best practice to identify the appropriate elements and features based on a lit survey and questionnaires.FRAMEWORKElement/Feature finishFigure 1 Research mission.Figure 1 represent the methods used to determine the features before design the applicationLiterature reviewA literature review need to be done in order to continue the study on this topic. A literature survey was conducted to investigate the current issues and commonalty element features of developing a context aware. Table 2 is a draft of element functions involvi ng the academic planner system.TABLE 2 DRAFT FROM literary works SURVEYThe existing other PlannerA literature review need to be done in order to continue the study on this topicContext awarenessUbiquitous computing (pervasive systems) was first proposed by Weiser (1991). Context-aware systems are a type of pervasive system and are viewed by data processor scientists as a mature technology 1, 2. A definition for context is given by Day in 3 context is any information that can be used to characterize the situation of an entity, an entity is a person, place, or object that is considered relevant to the interaction between a user and an application, including the user and application themselves. Context-aware systems are able to gather contextual information from a variety of sources without explicit user interaction and adapt their operation accordingly 4. Context-aware systems have the ability to contain easily with any service domain, such as healthcare, commerce, learning and tra nsport.A context-aware system must include three essential elements sensors, processing and action. Three types of sensors are defined physical, virtual and logical 5. A physical sensor, such as a camera or thermometer, captures information about its local environment 6. In contrast, virtual sensors extract information from virtual space, which is defined as the set of data, applications and tools created and deployed by the user. Logical sensors combine physical and virtual sensors to extract context information. For example, a company can infer that an employee is working from home using login information (a virtual sensor) and a camera (physical sensor) 1.Context-aware user interfaces facilitate the user interaction by suggesting or prefilling data derived from the users current context. This raises the problem of determining which context information can be used as input for which interaction element in the user interface. This task is especially challenging as the texts that de scribe the elements, e.g. their labels, often differ in the terminology used. To facilitate the interaction with an application, we need user interfaces (UIs) that provide proactive assistance, for example by suggesting which values to enter in a form.Melanie is his paper present a novel mapping process for that purpose which combines the advantages of string-based and semantic similarity measures to bridge the vocabulary gap between context and UI element, and which is able to automatically aspirate its vocabulary by observing the users interactions. Their research show that these 2 features dramatically increase the quality of the resulting mapping. Unlike previous approaches, the proposed mapping process does not require any training or manually tagged data. Further, it does not only use the label to describe the context and UI elements, but additional texts like their tooltips.Context-aware applications are expected to become a remarkable application area within future spry c omputing. As mobile phones form a natural tool for interaction between people, the influence of the current context on collaboration is desirable to take into account to enhance the efficiency and quality of the interaction 1.Context-aware mobile widgets have so far been investigated mainly from the technological plosive consonant of view, examining context-recognition and sensor technologies inferring logic, system architectures or infrastructure. There have also been examples where contextual information has been used to facilitate co-operation between mobile users. Users individualised information, such as reminders, phonebook contacts or calendar notes, can be used as an information source which is used when creating location-sensitive messages, as done with CybreMinder 2. Schmidt et al. 3 introduced a context-aware phonebook, which indicates the availability of a contact the user wants to call to. Location is probably the most commonly used context attribute, and it has been used to develop numerous location-aware mobile systems, such as GUIDE tour guide in Lancaster 4 or visitors guide at Tate Gallery, London 5. bedim ApplicationA cloud application (or cloud app) is an application program that functions in the cloud, with some characteristics of a pure desktop app and some characteristics of a pure weave app. A desktop app resides entirely on a single device at the users location (it doesnt necessarily have to be a desktop computer). A Web app is stored entirely on a remote server and is delivered over the Internet through a browser interface.Like desktop apps, cloud apps can provide fast responsiveness and can work offline. Like web apps, cloud apps need not permanently reside on the local device, but they can be easily updated online. Cloud apps are therefore under the users constant control, yet they need not always consume storage space on the users computer or communications device. Assuming that the user has a reasonably fast Internet connectio n, a well-written cloud app offers all the interactivity of a desktop app on with the portability of a Web app. If you have a cloud app, it can be used by anyone with a Web browser and a communications device that can connect to the Internet. While tools exist and can be modified in the cloud, the actual user interface exists on the local device. The user can cache data locally, enabling full offline mode when desired. A cloud app, unlike a Web app, can be used on instrument panel an aircraft or in any other sensitive situation where wireless devices are not allowed, because the app will function even when the Internet connection is disabled. In addition, cloud apps can provide some functionality even when no Internet connection is available for extended periods (while camping in a remote wilderness, for example).Cloud apps have become popular among people who share content on the Internet. Linebreak S.L., based in Spain, offers a cloud app named (appropriately enough) CloudApp, w hich allows subscribers to share files, images, links, music, and videos. Amazon Web go offers an AppStore that facilitates quick and easy deployment of programs and applications stored in the cloud. Google offers a solution called AppEngine that allows users to develop and run their own applications on Googles infrastructure. Google also offers a popular calendar (scheduling) cloud app.FINDINGSQuestionnaires analysisProposed Feature In Academic PlannerAfter several study in traditional planner and existing planner that related to Academic Planner, reviewing literature and questionnaire, the new features introduced to improve the academic plannerOptimizing class scheduling in collaborative mobile systems through distributed takeDecision making through distributed voting can help automate routine-like collaborative class schedule, appointment and Event. In this paper spring concentrate on how distributed voting strategies can be used for scheduling meetings in mobile and pervasiv e environments. Their work focuses on optimizing the meeting scheduling result for each participant in a mobile group by using user-specific preferences and information available on their devices. This negotiation is done in a distributed manner directly between the peers. In this paper author describe different approaches for the finding making strategy involving voting theory to balance out the different user preferences and availabilities. The weight of the votes from each participant can also be adjusted according to their importance or necessity in the given meeting. We also introduce briefly an approach to support distributed decision making strategies pervasively using a lightweight Web-based platform. To conclude the paper, we give our views on the future development directions and evaluation plans as well as extend the approach for other related domains 1.Categorizing Task incident PatternWhen we make a future plan of our work, we can predict or forecast the forthcoming tasks, because we know that fair amount of our tasks are to be occurred as were occurred in the last year/month repeatedly. In addition, we know we have many bloodsucking tasks for example, there will be a series of regular meetings with the ofce staff for which various auxiliary tasks need to be completed, for example, Announcement, Setting up Room, and direct Minutes tasks. These related tasks are approximately on the same time grid with other corresponding tasks. This type of regularity is called a Task Occurrence Pattern, which arises from the repetition of tasks and the alignment of related tasks 4. To conrm how much the real tasks are on the Task Occurrence Pattern, all tasks of a year of a user, who is a graduate student, are gathered and inspected from the view point of dependence and recurrence.

Is Immortality Desirable?

Is Immortality Desirable?AbstractIn this paper I discuss whether unfadingity in the visible form is desirable. In accordance with the somebodynel casualty scotch I seek to def closure the commonsense view that death is a bad thing for the individual further volition argue that body and logic does non require me to believe that an immortal existence is to be desired. I defend Bernard Williams cl bearing that with an immortal biography we argon doomed to an condemnation slight existence of never ending repetition, boredom and indifference and that death is a necessary mephistophelean if we are to avoid a breeding devoid of freshness. I lead also argue that death and the re t away ensembley limitation that its sets guttle gives spirit meaning. In support of Victor Fankl I will defend the claim that it is prison term pressure that shapes our equals. In developing my argu manpowert I will op exhibit the counter program line that it is death that makes life meaningless non significant.Is Immortality desirable?Is it simply a design fault that we age and give-up the ghost? Are we living in a culture of death whereby we blend in simply because we accept it as an inevitability? All men are mortal said Socrates, however, a lifetime spent on in-depth research has led pi angiotensin converting enzymeering scientists to deem aging not as an inevitable consequence of the piece condition scarce as a pr way surfaceative disease. Perhaps these scientists are far too optimistic in their search for a virtual fountain of youth, or is it simply the geek that death the end of the physical being, is accepted by the mind and embraced through with(predicate) reinforced teachings and observation. Whether you believe that a quest for immortality will or will never be achieved is irrelevant to the question at hand. The focus will be on whether immortality is desirable, assuming almostthing shadower be desired yet impossible. Clarification of what I mean by immortality is essential I will focus on what can be described as physical immortality- by this I mean that one can live for eternity as a human physical being on earth (where everyone is immortal). In my interpretation, I will also assume that thither is no get out clause, take for grammatical case one is offered an elixir of immortal life, once taken a person cannot change their mind opting for death- immortality is ever.My definition will also incorporate a block on aging eternity will be lived through a perfectly healthy functioning body. Accidents will be possible but can be go bad with ease. Intention exclusivelyy, I ease up painted a picture of immortality which may at first glance seem desirable, as one may be quick to argue that an immortal life where a person is forever aging to the point of an eternity of pain and discomfort and where accidents occurred and could not be fixed is simply not one to be desired. However, throughout this essay I will put forward the argu ment that those who believe immortality to be desirable nurse made an irrational choice, it would be a mistake to crave an immortal life and take the elixir of eternal existence. I will approach this put out by initially examining Nagels (1970) question of whether it is a terrible thing to go out of existence, I will agree and defend the deprivation account of the evil and devilry of death claiming it is possible to do so plot maintaining immortality would be a bad thing. The idea that boredom will develop if at that place was no end to human life will be explored, assessing much of the support from Bernard Williams (1973) as well as opposing and tackling one of John Martin Fischers (1994) criticisms of the above view. The hour base argument that I will give (which overlaps with my first) will be based on the meaning of life, I will argue that death and the very limitations that it sets d deliver gives life meaning and this will be explored by assessing the views of Victor F rankl (1957) as well as counterarguments by Robert Nozicks (1981).Firstly, to determine whether immortality is a good thing, I pose the question of whether death is a bad thing. Death is an ambiguous term so let me be clear of the definition it will take in my essay. I will take death to mean the end of the physical being, the cessation of life. I am aware that defining death in this steering is problematic but let us assume for the sake of simplicity that this is correct. My concern at this point is whether death is a bad thing for the person who dies, referring to the state of non existence (at least in the physical form), not the process of dying. For m whatsoever, a rational response in life is to fear death- after all, it is our well-nigh personal and valuable asset, but is it in truth, as Nagel stated, a terrible thing to go out of existence? There has been extensive philosophical discussion and dissimilitude regarding this matter, with philosophers such as Bernard William s (1973), who argue death has its rightful place a point to which I will later return, and there are those such as Thomas Nagel (1970) who speak of its badness. Lucretius, however, argue that something can scarcely be good or bad for a person if that person exists at the time the howevert takes place and is undergo, if we take death to mean non-existence where non-existence is nothingness then death cannot be said to be good or bad as only(prenominal) something can be interpreted in this way.I, however, believe that death is bad, agreeing with Nagel in most parts but at the akin time believe that immortality, never dying is also bad, this is not a contradiction. I disagree with the Lucretius argument for the very identical reason Nagel rejected their reasoning, Nagel presents an role model of an individual betrayed unk without delayingly pot his back, although the person never conks aware of this, it seems fair to say that the betrayal was a bad thing for the person involve d, in this way the Lucretius connection between badness and experience does not hold true (Nagel, 197076). It may be the case that something can be intrinsically bad, bad in itself or in its own right, for example, pain is avoided for its own sake. It may also be the case that something can be comparatively bad, bad by virtue of what youre not getting while this other thing is present. I take the latter point to be the case for the badness of death. It seems to me that something can be bad even if you dont exist, existence is not a requirement, in fact it is the very fact that you dont exist that makes death bad.The central bad about death, about non existence, is that it deprives you of the goods of life you might otherwise be getting, I couldnt fall in love, enjoy a sunset or master philosophy.From this, it should follow that life is good because if I wasnt dead I wouldnt be deprived more of a good thing is always better than less of a good thing therefore more life is better than less life it should follow therefore that eternal life never dying is exceptionally good. However, the rules of logic and reason do not require someone who accepts the deprivation account to believe that immortality is to be desired. Looking closely at the deprivation account, what it claims is that death is bad insofar as it deprives us of the good things we could meet otherwise experienced, but we shouldnt assume that life is good or always good (maybe Nagel does or often seems to assume this) what if it turned out that what you would hold hereafter would be in fact a life full of bad things. It would therefore be a bad thing that you would go through the backup of your life which in this case would be an eternity with negative experiences. I will now go on to explain that it is an inevitability that an eternal life will somewhere down the line cease to be good, transforming into an eternity of badness in which case still in accordance with the deprivation account death will no yearner be bad.I agree that at first thought immortality may be tempting the argument that life is too short will no longer exist. Think of all the things you could get through with(p), you could devout twenty-four hourss to writing great philosophy, you could take pleasure in countless sunsets and sunrises, you could enjoy things endlessly having more time to see and achieve things that you would have otherwise not had time to. Here is my argument, too much of a good thing can become a bad thing, medicine for example is something which is instrumentally good, however, although it is good in small doses in that it cures a disease for example if I take more than the prescribed amount it becomes harmful to my body. In this same way extending human life by 50 or even a 100 years can be good but what if someone added a thousand, a million, an eternity to your life? Having done and seen everything you could possible have imagined everything will start to feel the same, having exp erienced love and the sunset millions of times they would no longer excite you. Eternity is a very long time, forever goes on forever and boredom will at last set in leaving you existing as oppose to living. It seems that I am in engagement with Bernard Williams, in his essay The Makropulos CaseReflections on the Tedium of Immortality (1973) who also argues that an eternal existence would be intolerable, claiming that as human beings it is inevitable that by our very personality we will get bored we would be doomed to never ending repetition and boredom, life would simply be devoid of interest or freshness. He supports his view by discussing a turning by Karel Capek which tells of a woman named Elina Makropulos, who at the age of 42 was given an elixir of eternal life by her father. The play is set 300 years on and Elina is now aged 342, Williams states thatHer unending life has come to a state of boredom, indifference, and coldness. Everything is joyless in the end it is the sa me, she says, singing and silence. She refuses to take the elixir again she dies and the formula is deliberately destroyed by a young woman among the protest of some older men (Williams,197382).EM has lived her life at the age of 42 for 300 years and it seems that everything that could happen to a woman of 42 has already happened to her. John Martin Fischer in an member titled Why immortality is not so bad criticizes Williams argument Fischer asserts that if there was a sufficiently diverse package of experiences we would not get bored (Fischer 1994). He acknowledges that there are those pleasures that would be self arduous, those which we would not want to repeat more than once or a few times as we would ineluctably get bored. His examples of these self exhausting pleasures include pleasures that are disappointing which one would not want to repeat for that very reason and those non-disappointing pleasures which you do to fulfil a goal to prove something to yourself, for example , to overcome your phobia of heights you climb Mount Whitney but this is an experience you do not want to repeat. He acknowledges that there are those pleasures that are self exhausting but there are many an(prenominal) quotable pleasures that we would never get bored of like listening to beautiful practice of medicine or seeing great art and we would therefore never fall victim to Williams boredom account.I disagree with Fischer, firstly it seems to me his examples of self exhausting pleasures present a distorted view of what pleasure really is. I agree that disappointing pleasures may appear to be pleasurable in advance the act but after we experience the disappointment they cease to fall into this category. It appears that these disappointing pleasures are not pleasures at all and should not fall into the category of self exhausting pleasures. It is a similar case for his example of non disappointing self exhausting pleasures like climbing a push-down list to overcome a phobi a, climbing this mountain is not done for sheer pleasure, we may experience pride and we may experience some pleasure from this pride but the very act is done reluctantly and is not pleasurable within itself. To claim that he partly agrees with Williams that there are those pleasure that are self exhausting is somewhat direct what he presents in the above case are not pleasures at all.What Williams said, is to think of the most perfect immortality that you can imagine and imagine doing this forever, the above so called pleasures do not fall into this it seems obvious they would not want to be repeated. Fischer also goes on to explain a second category of pleasures which he called repeatable pleasures which include listening to music and enjoying art, Fischer believed that if these pleasures were appropriately distributed (not too closely to each other ) they could be repeated countless times. I disagree although in this case they could be classed as pleasure, it seems we would stil l inevitably get bored maybe not after 100 or even two hundred years but somewhere down the line of a never ending life we would get bored. I can only enjoy a paper of music a limited number of times before it no longer brings me pleasure. However at this point an objection may arise some may argue that human potential is endless reducing the likelihood of boredom. There are millions of songs to be heard and millions more that will emerge, there is a countless number of things that can be enjoyed that will never run out so you are not doomed to be repeating the same things over and over, and maybe when things start to get tedious new things will be invented to occupy our minds.The response to this is that having heard a thousand, a million, two million, songs they will all eventually take the same shape, nothing new can be invented that would be so drastically different from all previous inventions. another(prenominal) point to be made is that Elina Makropulos maintains the same ch aracter throughout her life changing only to adapt to her sur trollingings it could therefore be suggested that the boredom she experienced was a result of her unchanging character not the fact that she lived for such a long period of time. Williams addresses this throughout his article, he argues that as human beings we aim to be, and usually succeed, in becoming a certain type of person, we develop a certain set of interests, a certain way of acting and we become settled as that type of person. His thought is that those who can avoid boredom and continue to find things interesting are not sufficiently mature there seems to be something wrong with them as such immortality is not a life for a human being (Williams 1973) . Let us now introduce a way boredom can be avoided in accordance with his argument, a possibility Williams considers is rejuvenation by this he means you remain a human being in that you maintain the same body but every so often you are rejuvenated, a certain part o f your history disappears and is replaced by a new start.Although this seems to deal with the boredom issue Williams does questions whether this is in fact you? Every time I am rejuvenated I have no commemoration of my prior self and build a whole new character based on different memories and experiences. It seems wrong to say that I am the same person after being rejuvenated for the hundredth time as I was prior to my first rejuvenation (Williams,197392). Even if we are persuaded that you are the same person Williams would argue that it is not swelled you anything that you could be interested in, the absence of a continuity of consciousness is a serious problem. Even if it is not death it is as bad as death to be rejuvenated in this way. Another possibility to consider is the gradual deterioration of memory where we forget things as time goes on for example every 200 years. However I believe this raises the same question as above are we really the same person if we live in a 200 year envelope? Williams concludes that death is a necessary evil we should hope to die if we are to avoid the alternative of immortality.My second argument to why immortality is not desirable is based on the meaning of life. I believe that death and the very limitations that it sets down gives life meaning. My second argument overlaps with my first but what I wish to specifically argue here is that it is the very fact that we are here for what is comparatively a short time that makes our lives meaningful, in the way we act and behave, this is the idea that it is time pressure that shapes our lives. It is irrelevant whether one believes or does not believe in god or any form of creator or greater being, they will still find life meaningless without death, even if you merely carry on living out of the fear of dying. I believe that all good things have to have a beginning, middle and an end and each is necessary and is enjoyed accordingly. Victor Frankl argues that death itself is what makes life meaningful, his reasoning is as followsWhat would our lives be like if they were not finite in time, but infinite? If we were immortal, we would legitimately postpone every action forever. It would be of no consequence whether or not we did a thing now every act might just as well be done tomorrow or the day after or a year from now or ten years hence. But in the face of death as absolute finis to our future boundary to our possibilities, we are under the imperative of utilizing our lifetimes to utmost, not letting the singular opportunities- whose finite sum constitutes the whole of life-pass by overbold (Frankl,195773).Nozick , however, has a problem with this argument, in his book Philosophical explanation he wonders whether death in fact makes life meaningless not meaningful, he argues thatFrankl assumes our only desire is to have done certain things, to put certain things somewhere on our record.However, we may desire to do things our desire need not be merely to h ave done them. Moreover, if we had an infinite life, we might view it as a whole, as something to organize, shape and do something with (Nozick,1981579-580)I disagree, firstly it was not assumed by Frankl that we merely do things to put them on record, what was being said is that we have a limited amount of time to do things but we do not merely do them just to tick a box but to grow and evolve as human beings because pursuing our goals enriches our lives. It is the very fact that we have a finite time that motivates us to make those decisions and do those things that enhance our lives, which would only be forever delayed with an infinite existence. For example why should I go to school if I dont like it? The simple answer is to learn to acquire skills that would help me to achieve and make something of my self before I die and cease to exist. If I was immortal, learning trigonometry would seem less attractive than watching TV or playing computer games all day. I get more pleasure f rom such things (in the short term at least) and watching TV is certainly easier than studying and Ill get round to learning trigonometry sometime.Time pressure is what makes us set goals, with an immortal life tasks would forever be extended and a consequence would emerge whereby we would be less likely to do things of value, we would become a stagnant society where simple pleasures rule.Even if we are partly motivated by the desire to do things not only to have done things they would still be postponed and contrary to what Nozick claims this would matter as the desire alone to do things does not make ones life meaningful it may contribute to some poor will to carry on living (to do that specific thing) but will not give expiation to ones life. Nozick also questions whether death in fact makes life meaningless? Many argue that death renders life futile because we will all eventually die and so there is no point in developing character or studying calculus if our progress is ultima tely going to be permanently interrupted and it will all go to waste. It seems to me that to argue that death makes life meaningless is to argue that something can only be meaningful if it lasts forever. The truth is that many things we value and find worthwhile do not last forever. I affirm that most if not all actions other than pleasures within themselves are predominantly motivated by the desire to get things done and enrich our lives from them before we die. Death is a deadline, a necessary evil we know every day that passes we will never get back and this gives meaning and shapes how we live and thus an immortal life is not one to be desired.So far a strong argument has been provided for the undesirability of an immortal life but is there any situation in which immortality can be desired? In setting out what I meant by immortality I disallowed a get out clause, let us now suppose you would be able to live as long as you wanted and when you eventually had enough it would be po ssible to take your own life, is the elixir of eternal existence now more attractive? sure enough it is, however, this is not all together straight forward. Take for example a mortal who chooses to commit suicide, in taking their own life he/she is giving up for example another 30 years, however, in the case of an immortal he/she is giving up what is essentially an eternity. They may be unhappy now but they could not possibly know that this would be the case in a million or a billion years time, choosing to take an immortal life is of greater consequence. In allowing a get out clause we would also become a very unadventurous and chance- averse society, who would take the risk of bungee jumping, paragliding and so forth if what they are risking is an infinite lifespan? Although this may seem a more attractive model of immortality it is complicated and can it really be called immortality if we allow this get out clause? It seems to me the very fact that we would choose this model su pports my argument, that immortality would cease to be good and we would all kinda or later opt to take our own lives.In conclusion immortality in the physical human sense is never a good thing. It should not be desired whatever perfect life you imagine to want to experience forever it will soon become tedious and boredom will eventually set in. Death is therefore necessary, even in accordance with the deprivation account, as further existence would become a bad thing sooner or later and it will no longer be the case whereby death deprives you of the good things life has to offer but where death provides an end to all that is bad with an eternal existence. It is also the inevitability of death that gives life reason and shape, the very fact that we have a limited lifespan motivates people through a sense of urgency to spend their time doing those things that contribute meaning and enrich their lives which would forever be delayed with inevitable consequences with an immortal life. Without death there would be no such thing as sacrifice, putting a lifes work into something, heroism and courage, we would lack appreciation for our existence, life would not be as serious or meaningful. I believe there to be an artistic necessity about dying- in the same way a picture has a frame, one cannot imagine an infinite painting, or a play has a shape and a final curtain, one cant imagine a play going on forever. Why grope for some mysterious realm for which we are not properly equipped to function in? Although I have argued that immortality is bad, this is not to say that it is a good thing that we die when we do, in accordance with all above arguments one can still think that we die too soon.BibliographyFischer, M. (1994). Why Immortality is Not So Bad. International Journal of Philosophical Studies. 2, 257-270.Frankl, V (1957). The Doctor and the Soul. Alfred Knopf. New YorkNagel, T (1970). Death. Nous. 4, 73-80Nozick, R (1981). Philosophical Explanations. Oxford.Claren don PressWilliams, B (1973). Problems of the Self Philosophical Papers 1956-1972. New York Cambridge University Press.

The Issue Of Designer Babies

The Issue Of Designer BabiesThis research paper discusses architect babies and the science of creating a designer kid. It talks nigh in-vitro fertilization, SNPs, a success written report of crating a designer baby and shows where designer babies stand in at presents society. This paper also contains some evidence of ethnic beliefs on designer babies and truly how far some p atomic number 18nts result go to get a child that they want. It emphasizes how close we ar to successfull creating a one hundred percent designer baby as well as what hinders us from advancing forward. It also goes into how and why designer babies atomic number 18 a very polemical subject and how many parents do not want to manipulate any psychological aspect of their child, yet to a greater extent are bidly to manipulate somatogenetic traits. This paper talks about where society stands today about the topic of designer babies and give insight to what society depart think of designer babies and if it will be the newest fashion logical argument in the future.Designer Babies the Latest Fashion AccessoryScience has advanced greatly over the last 20 days. In the past twenty years science has expanded our association drastically in the medical and biological field. A great breakthrough in science is designer babies. A designer baby is when parents are able to choose the traits that their child will inherit. This includes many unhealthiness related genes as well as some characteristics, such as sex, eye air and skin color, a child whitethorn inherit. Creating a designer baby is a simple idea but a skillful and complicated process. A designer baby is created when an embryo is created through in-vitro fertilization, which is the process of taking an unfertilized egg and injecting the egg with sperm, thus fertilizing the egg outside of the body. in one case this is done, the cell begins to multiply into several embryos within the first five days, and thus each embryo is removed a nd tested for a certain trait, such as sex. Once the desired traits are chosen the rest of the embryos that do not carry the gene or may give the desired trait slight probability of showing are terminated and the remaining embryo is placed inside the m opposites womb. This process is not al focusings guaranteed but only gives ones child a higher percentage for that trait. Also, this process may pick up to be repeated incase there are complications with the embryo staying in the m some others womb. (Seibel, 2008) This is a very controversial issue because of its goals of creating a child with pre-selected genes.Since they swallow a choice of discarding the new embryo there are many controversial issues to this process. Pro-choice activists, people who are against abortion, are against creating designer babies because the embryo is living and by their definition they would be killing a child. (Tuhus-Dubrow, 2007) Many say that they want to have their child the way they are mantic to be and that no one should be able to play as God because curiosity fuels science and science fuels greed for k at one timeledge and cycling back into curiosity. Is it right for one to choose the traits that their child will inherit? What would meet to our society if everyone chose to create designer babies?The process behind creating a designer baby has opened up new doors to the future of our society. If everyone chose to have this treatment done to create a designer baby to prevent disease then our future society would have no health defects. According to Meisenberg, we are very close to finding the genes capable for stroke, coronary heart disease, asthma, Alzheimers disease, and psychosis, as well as other common diseases. (Meisenberg, 2008) This would eliminate disease from society our immune systems would be super human in a sense and would tilt dramatically. Would this be the only gain from creating designer babies? Why stop only at disease related traits? Why not chose a child that was tall, had a high IQ, and has freckles. If everyone chose their ideal traits for their child eventually there will be a split in the genome between un change humans and genetically altered humans. A theory that an interesting journal article, Genetics and the Definition of Human, states their legal opinions on designer babies, Human beings in the future will practice cloning and will manipulate the genomes of their offspring to the point where they will, in effect, produce a new stratum of society. These will be the Genrich people, as opposed to the rest of us who are content (or stuck) with the genes we inherited by normal meansThe Genrich might eventually evolve into a new species able to mate successfully with each other but not with the genetically unmanipulated. (Genetics and the Definition of Human, 2010) This would have a drastic affect on those who are not designer babies. The average normal person would be at a disadvantage in society and would not be as suc cessful in the working world. Everyone would choose the characteristics that they wanted but then the next generation would be limited to the characteristics that they would have. Eventually, everyone in our society and even the world would have the alike characteristics and no one would be unique. Yes, this is bound to happen eventually but in-vitro fertilization for creating designer babies would amplify and speed up the process dramatically so that possibly our grandchildrens grandchildren will all be the same if everyone went through with creating only designer babies.Currently, scientists tidy sum not provide these options, such as eye color, hair color, IQ etc, because there are different foundation polymorphisms or SNPs that codes or mark for different traits in different races. Naik finds that the only nucleotide polymorphisms that have been coded for are people of European Caucasian descent, because other ethnicities SNPs have not been recognized yet. (Naik, 2009) Each SN P is a mark for a circumstantial trait. in that location are thousands of SNPs embedded within the human genome. During in-vitro fertilization the embryo is testes for these circumstantial markers for the desired trait, such as specific diseases. This is done in the early stages of the embryo so that when the cells continue to replicate the desired trait is present or removed depending on if the traits goal was to be removed or not.Many parents wish to have designer babies to help with other child who has a overweight disease. Others wish to make their child indifferent(p) because both parents are deaf and they want to share the experience. Sanghavi quotes a woman who thinks differently about defects. A comprehend baby would be a blessing, Ms. Duchesneau was quoted as saying. A deaf baby would be a special blessing.(Sanghavi, 2006) This event has been followed through with. The child is mostly deaf and his parents do not allow hearing aids. One may say that that is not fair to the child and it is the childs life but then that opens up another issue of parenting and ethics. Some would only choose things like eye color, hair color, possible even the sex of the child because they want the child to look like them. Any kind of manipulation of genes requires going again ones ethics to some extent, some more than others. There are many different attitudes toward creating designer babies.There was a study at Ross University, Medical School on the Caribbean island of Dominica interpreted by Meisenberg that expressed different first year students attitudes towards designer babies. This study was taken to see what the educated decisions of the medical students were on designer babies. Meisenberg created a survey determining different attributes that could be changed and it asked the students on a scale of zipper to four, zero being the lowest priority four being the highest, to rank each attribute of priority and/or wants for their own child.Each questions pertain ed to one product and/or subject. fruit 1 A DNA mo that tests for 5000 recessive disease-causing mutations. Product 2 A DNA chip that tests for 5000 genetic risk factors for common diseases. Product 3 A DNA chip that tests for 5000 genetic variants causing normal variation in physiologic traits. Product 4 A DNA chip that tests for 5000 genetic variants causing normal variation in psychological traits. Product 5 A human artificial chromosome with extra copies of tumor suppressor genes to overcome the cancer risk, and genes that extends the life span and delay age-related degenerative diseases such as Alzheimers. The chromosome cannot be used in adults but can be injected in the fertilized egg. It can be transmitted to ones children. Product 6 The same chromosome as product 5, but for use in adults. This product cannot enter the germ line and is not transmitted to ones children. (Meisenberg, 2008)Meisenbergs results showed that Products 1 and 2 (prevention of single-gene disorders and polygenic diseases) were most acceptable with scores of 2.88 and 2.83 Products 3 and 4 got low scores of 1.41 and 1.66. Respectively products 5 and 6, got somewhat note scores of 2.27 and 2.35. Also, the respondents seemed no more opposed to the introduction of heritable genetic modifications (product 5) than to embryo screening (products 1 to 4) and somatic cell genetic engineering in adults (product 6). Principal components analysis showed that 56.8 percent of the total variance was due to the unrotated first principal component, which represents a single factor of general acceptance. (Meisenberg, 2008) Meisenberg is stating results from a poll that he has given. It seems the results lean toward mainly health related enhancements kinda than physical and psychological enhancements, many of the students made decisions in hopes that their child would be astray accepted rather than genetically superior.Our views and feelings toward manipulation of specific genes are interfered by ones ethics, thus interfering with further experimentation. Some may have chosen not to change the childs physical or psychological appearance because they do not wish to play God, but in any sense when you manipulate any gene you are playing God even if it is to eliminate disease. This then snowballs into ones personal beliefs and limits. Every parent wants what is best for their child but is manipulating their childs genetics really whats best for them? Or is it dear what the parents want. These very thoughts influence scientists to testing their limits and beliefs. Im not going to do designer babiesI wont sell my soul for a dollar. (Naik, 2009) Some scientists, as Naik has quoted, take a stand on where they will draw the line due to their beliefs of what is too far. Trait selection in babies is a service, says Dr. Steinberg. We intend to run it soon. (Naik, 2009) Others see it as a scientific gain and it is the parents choice to do what they want to as long as they pay the money needed. This is dummy up a controversial issue even between scientists.Currently, we do not have the knowledge to single out specific traits such as eye color due to the fact that eye color is determined by multiple genes not just being dominant or recessive. The process however is fully understood and the only thing that could go wrong in the process is if there are complications with the embryo and the mother. Our knowledge of designer babies was thought to take at least twenty to fifty years to gain the knowledge we have now. It has only taken ten years into the significant progress to understand what was supposed to take twenty to fifty years whos to say that we can not have these traits such as eye color, IQ, and personality traits within the next twenty years? The knowledge we currently have is not vast enough to single out specific traits in all ethnicities. Of the traits that are known for specific diseases, it is not guaranteed for success, there is only a high perce ntage that the chosen trait will be present and/or eliminated if that is the objective. There is also still a strong barrier between creating designer babies and playing God that keeps science from breaking through into full understanding of designer babies.The price for just screening an embryo for determining its sex was $12,400 in 2006. (Snow, 2006) The price for choosing specific traits would be drastically higher because there are so many other variables and markers to identify. In designer babies current state it is more widely accepted for parents to want their child to be healthy and to live without any kind of disease that may run in the family but to find someone who is going through the process is extremely rare. In the future, it will be more widely accepted and more popular that parents go through in-vitro fertilization to eliminate disease but highly frowned upon for choosing luxury traits such as psychological and physical appearance unlike today where either of the t wo are hard to come by. If an average family had the choice of customizing their child with todays knowledge, there would be no need to do so. The procedure would be expensive and, as some people may think of it, the child may not be who they are meant to be. This is a great variable to the success of designer babies because every parent wants their child to be who they are meant to be and to grow into their own person. Also, not many countries may allow this procedure to take place due to the advancement in technology and how it may hinder society. There will probably be more designer babies in the future but not enough to drastically hinder society due to the cost, personal beliefs and the accessibility of creating designer babies.To make this thought from science fiction into reality we would need more advanced technology to advance our knowledge in the realm of designer babies because the technology that we have now can only take us so far. We have already done as much as we can with the technology we have today to understand and experiment with designer babies. This would mean more experiments are required to fuel the research needed to achieve the new technology and new shipway of understanding the designer baby. There is no doubt that as technology advances designer babies will become the newest fashion accessories in the future. But is this what our society will allow, is this really what our society wants? There is no way to predict how the future will turn out. One can only hope that ethics with ever overcome science because without ethics science would destroy society and life as we know it.

Essay --

Have you realized that Fear of quitting sess causes the majority of stinkerrs to continue smoking, not the actual nicotine withdrawal (That company called if). The reasons to smoke differ from teens within society. This is an opinion based paper that gives a brief scope as to what the main reasons are for inhaling this harmful substance, going from getting hook to eradicating the need to smoke in your daily life. This essay not only shines a bright light in the life of a smoker adept now also brings out the prospects in not smoking and how it only goes uphill from there The action or habit of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of tobacco or a drug (Oxford University Press), is the classification of smoking. Why do people begin smoking in the first place? The main 4 reasons for a teen to start smoking are stress, social awareness and peer pressure but also to cope with boredom this are the alleged reasons that are all mental based. Today in the 21st century smoking a cigarette or smoking in general leave behind enhance ones social skills, as in make you cool throughout your friends and you even might impress someone of the opposite gender too. Teens specially start smoking cause they call their life is stressful due to studies and personal pressures such as family problems. Teens are looking for a way to put their blame on something other than just facing their problems. Nonetheless in todays society you have a bigger chance of getting influenced specially from those close to you such as friends and family, which leads to peer pressure, doing something that you dont want to do.The number of movies with tobacco-related scenes has gone down since 2005. But in 2010, more than 30% of top-grossing movies rated G, PG, and PG-... ...minimum of 5 other effects smoking causes the human body and your health (Free OxyGenaration). On the positive of things, if you stop smoking you will look much healthier as your skin will grow more oxygen, you will increase your l ife expectancy by a couple of years, decrease the chances of getting cancer and finally but not least you will save a lot of money which you could benefit you and your family.To sum up, the benefits of not smoking are gigantic and therefore you will realize at once you stop smoking that everything is going to go uphill from now on. This is the foundation or you can say the basis of your life, which will gradually be built. This will help you live the so-called smoke-free and healthy lifestyle. All together, what you decide to smoke or not to smoke decision is up to you. This essay gives a detail outline for what to do and what not to do.

When Will We Learn :: essays research papers

The gods must be crazy. Strange pollen is in the air. Like Mr. Dylan said, The times, they are a-changin . What has it been, thirty long time since he penned that line? What has changed? America, as a whole has wallowed in the pitfalls of its own failures and mistakes for so long that we cant seem to break through this bad habit. Sitting here(predicate) in out artificial pride and patriotism as we go out on the limb of World War Three. We tap dance on the landmines of world dominance. We are not in control anymore. And yet, we think he have this power over all. And its this grand feeling of strength that fills our weakening patrol wagon every time we look at that flag, that is going to spread its poison through out us when we least expect it. The times they are a changin . Or at least we thought they were. Or have we just spent our lives covering up every threat, masking every failure, and then continue with advances with hopes that they will overshadow that horrible truth? The fa ct of the matter is, we have grown too comfortable. Spontaneity is dead and gone. Or maybe it is just buried alive, and someone or something will dig through the soil and revive the American Dream. Because it has been discarded from our minds. We have lost that motivation, that inner drive, that heart and soul of what make this blistered nation appear to be great. Weve degenerated so far that now the warts are beginning to emerge from underneath the surface. Underneath where the truth lies. And the truth lied underneath because no one ever learns from their mistakes. No one owns up to the responsibility. Which explains this whole conflict in Kosovo. God willing this will be the end of times, the closing straw. On the brink of nuclear war. Just wipe the whole fucking world, and cut God a break from having to do it himself. Of course, that is what the book of Revelation is very saying. I dont honestly find the apocalyptic nature of that book very frightening, not after I stop and ta ke one look slightly me. I dont think that I will be woken from the sounds of sleep by the beckoning blows of trumpets from the sky to see Jesus Christ descend from the clouds.